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Message from the Mayor of Newark
Newark has a history dating back to the prehistoric period. Through scientific research from 100 BC to approx 500 BC the Newark area was transformed by the Hopewell Culture. They built many earthen mounds, creating the single largest earthwork complex in the Ohio River Valley. The earthworks cover several square miles. Observatory Mound,Observatory Circle, and the interconnected Octagon span nearly 3,000 feet in length. The Octagon alone is large enough to contain four Roman Collesiums. The Great Pyramid fits inside Observatory Circle precisely. The even larger 1180 foot wide Newark Great Circle is the largest circular earthwork in the Americas, at least in construction effort. The 8 feet high walls surround a 5 foot deep moat, except at the entrance where the dimensions are even greater and more impressive. Archaeology research has demonstrated advanced scientific understandings by the prehistoric cultures in the area by analyzing the placements, alignments, dimensions, and site to site interrelationships of the earthworks. Newark was a stop along the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and Saint Louis Railroad that connected Pittsburgh to Chicago to Saint Louis.